Inorganic chemical is short for inorganic chemical industry, with natural resources and industrial by-product as raw materials, production of sulfuric acid, nitric acid, hydrochloric acid, phosphoric acid and other inorganic acid, soda ash, caustic soda, synthetic ammonia, chemical fertilizer and inorganic salt chemical products industry. Include sulfuric acid industry, soda industry, chlor-alkali industry, synthetic ammonia industry, fertilizer industry, and inorganic salt industry. Broad sense also include inorganic non-metallic materials and fine inorganic chemicals such as production of ceramics, inorganic pigments, etc.
The main raw material of inorganic chemical products are sodium, phosphorus, potassium, sulfur, calcium and other chemical minerals and coal, oil, natural gas and air, water etc.. In addition, many industrial departments of by-products and wastes, and inorganic chemical raw materials, such as: the coking process in the steel industry, coke oven gas, which contains ammonia sulfate can be used to recover the made of ammonium sulfate, sulfur dioxide emissions of galena, sphalerite, chalcopyrite smelting in can be used to produce sulfuric acid.
Compared with other chemicals, inorganic chemical has three characteristics:
(1) the chemical industry is the development of early department, which laid a foundation for the formation and development of unit operations,
(2) the main products are widely used basic chemical raw materials. In addition to the large variety of inorganic salt, few other inorganic chemical products.
(3) Compared with other chemical products, inorganic chemical products in large quantities.
Because of the raw material and energy costs account for a large proportion in the inorganic chemical products, such as synthetic ammonia industry, chlor alkali industry, yellow phosphorus, calcium carbide (Tan Huagai) production are consuming more. The key technical renovation will tend to comprehensive utilization of the low energy consumption technology and raw material. The chemical fertilizer industry, salt industry, is the rapid development of industrial products, they will further eliminate backward products, new product development.
The fertilizer industry in the future will be to develop in the direction of high concentration compound fertilizer.
With the development of industry, sulfuric acid, ammonia, phosphate, inorganic salt production waste, waste water, waste gas accumulating more harm them, which brings to the environment, has aroused the attention, the future will continue to take effective measures to solve the problem of “three wastes”.
As with other departments, inorganic chemical industry in addition to the use of advanced technology, efficient equipment, new test instrument, in the design work is the use of electronic computers for the whole process of simulation optimization (see chemical system engineering), using microprocessor to parameters on production monitoring and adjustment, will be one of the future effort direction.