Coatings industry as paint driers. Ceramic industry as a color glaze porcelain. The chemical industry for the manufacture of pigments and cobalt as a raw material for the production of various cobalt salts. Alkaline batteries and battery industry as lithopone additives. In addition, as the catalyst reagents and analysis. [5]
Used in electroplating cobalt, system batteries, cobalt pigments, ceramics, enamel, glazed and used as a catalyst, a foam stabilizer, driers, etc.
Monthly Archives: June 2014
Cobalt oxide applications
Cobalt oxide is an important transition metal oxide. Usually as a production of carbide, superalloys, insulation materials and magnetic materials as well as the main raw material in the chemical industry catalysts and dyes. The main application areas of cobalt oxide product is currently as follows:
A paint additive
Cobalt oxide is added in the manufacture of various paints, paint production improved performance, particularly the role played driers in the paint, fast drying paint that is easy to use in order to improve the application rate. This is a great benefit for rapid construction paint.
2, enamel and ceramic pigments
After adding cobalt oxide ceramic material, resistant to corrosion and improve durability. In a variety of building materials and household ceramics, made with blue cobalt oxide pigment or glaze applied to ceramic products by firing after showing a bright ceramic products, more artistic.
3, refined petroleum catalysts
Cobalt products as a catalyst in petroleum refining has a long history and plays an important role in promoting the development of oil refining. If aluminum metal cobalt, iron alloyed catalyst; oil and cobalt oxide as a catalyst is very important role in accelerating the petroleum refining is indispensable. Therefore, the use of cobalt oxide catalyst leapt in recent years an important position.
4, the battery industry
Since the eighties, cobalt powder as a high-energy battery charge and discharge activator, a large number of used rechargeable batteries in the field. Early nineties, Japan, Germany and other countries of Asia scientists successfully added cobalt raw materials to the battery, the battery industry to become high-value research and development, high-tech products. Cobalt powder and cobalt powder, cobalt oxide compounds Asia as a battery material with excellent performance additives to improve Ni (OH) 2 proton conductivity, lower oxidation potential, improve oxygen evolution potential, to improve electrode performance has a significant effect. Can guarantee the charging electrodes are sufficiently pre-charged, so that Ni (OH) 2 converted to full NiOOH, while oxygen-containing precipitate to improve the charging efficiency increase ratio of the electrode capacity. In recent years, with the development of lithium-ion batteries, lithium cobalt oxide as the starting material for preparing ion battery electrode materials, but also to increasing consumption. Our lithium cobalt oxide production in recent years, rapid development, and thus the demand for Co304 correspondingly increased rapidly. Co304 battery grade lithium ion battery cathode material of lithium cobalt oxide main raw material, but also with the lithium ion secondary battery demand increases. In 2002 the total global consumption of cobalt 88 million pounds, the share of drilling applications in the battery industry increased rapidly to reach 32%. With the further growth of small discrete mobile power needs, such as the rapid development of mobile communication and the rapid growth of laptop penetration for the development of lithium-ion battery industry has created better opportunities, correspondingly, the lithium-ion battery demand for cathode materials LiCo02 also increased significantly. 2015 Cobalt applications will reach 230 million pounds, of which 56% will be applied in the lithium battery industry.
5, other raw materials
As with hydrogen peroxide at a temperature reduction of metal cobalt powder and cobalt production, for the manufacture of cemented carbide; dissolved with an acid to an aqueous solution of cobalt, cobalt ingot for electrolysis, a high-temperature high-strength alloy additives; cobalt oxide will be formed acidic cobalt solution, after various chemical processing to produce a cobalt salt, such as CoC2, CoS04, CoCo3 and CoC204 like. Thus, the pure cobalt oxide as an intermediate raw material, widely used. In addition, cobalt oxide phosphors used in the electrical industry as additives and other chemical aspects of the rapidly evolving. Overall, applications of cobalt oxide will continue to develop expanded.
Used: varistors, thermistors, MOA, Picture Tubes, lithium-ion battery industry. Used in making paint pigments, ceramic glazes and cobalt catalysts.
Caustic soda (Sodium hydroxide) main purpose
Highly versatile. Although the solution for the system Qi, pulp making, soap, dyes, artificial silk, aluminum, petroleum refining, cotton finishing, purified coal tar products, and food processing, wood processing and machinery industry and so on.
Chemistry experiment
In addition to the reagents used outside, because it has a strong absorbent and deliquescent, but also used as an alkaline desiccant. [3] can also be absorbed acid gases (such as oxygen in the combustion of sulfur in the experiment, sodium hydroxide solution to the absorption of toxic sulfur dioxide into the bottle.)
Industrial
Sodium hydroxide is widely applied in the national economy, many industrial sectors require sodium hydroxide. Sodium hydroxide is the most used chemical manufacturing sector, followed by paper, aluminum smelting, refining tungsten, rayon, rayon and soap manufacturing. Further, in the production of dyes, plastics, pharmaceutical and organic intermediates, reproducing the old rubber, metal sodium, water and inorganic salt electrolysis production, preparation of borax, chromium, manganese, phosphate, etc., but also the use of a lot of soda.
Chemical Industry
Determines the characteristics of the product of sodium hydroxide in a number of chemical reactions are important and indispensable substances. Sodium hydroxide is the production of polycarbonate, a super absorbent polymer, zeolite, epoxy, sodium sulfite and a lot of important raw materials sodium.
Oleic acid is a monounsaturated fatty acids by hydrolysis of oil; soft, saturated fatty acids are stearic acid, the hydrolysis of fats.
If potassium hydroxide hydrolysis of the resulting soap is soft.
Sodium chloride was added to the solution may reduce the solubility of the fatty acid salt and separating the fatty acid salts, a process called salting. Salts of higher fatty acid soap is the main component, the process can be obtained by the filler bar soaps.
Saponification
The main components of fats and vegetable oils are triglycerides, alkaline solution of its equations are:
R groups may be different, but the resulting R-COONa can make soap. R-common are:
C17H33-: 8 – heptadecenyl. R-COOH is oleic acid.
C15H31-: n-pentadecyl. Palmitic acid R-COOH.
C17H35-: n-heptadecyl. R-COOH is stearic acid.
Barium hydroxide emergency methods
Spill response
Isolation leakage polluted area, restricting access. Recommended emergency personnel wearing self-contained breathing apparatus to wear protective clothing. Do not direct contact with leakage. A small leak: to avoid dust, with clean shovel collection in a dry, clean, covered containers. Large leak: covered with plastic sheeting, canvas, reduce dispersion. Then the collection, recycling or shipped to the waste disposal sites.
Protective measures
Respiratory protection: its possible exposure to dust, must wear headgear electric powered air purifying respirators and dust. Emergency rescue or evacuation, it is recommended to wear air respirators.
Eye protection: Respiratory Protection has been protective.
Physical protection: wear rubber acid suit.
Hand Protection: Wear rubber gloves acid.
Other: work site prohibit smoking, eating and drinking. Work to complete, take a shower. Separate storage of toxic pollution by the clothes, washed standby. Maintain good health habits.
First aid measures
Skin contact: Remove contaminated clothing, use soap and water thoroughly washed skin.
Eye contact: Did eyelid, mobile water or saline. Doctor.
Inhalation: rapidly from the scene to fresh air. Keep the airway patency. If breathing is difficult, give oxygen. If not breathing, give artificial respiration immediately. Doctor.
Ingestion: drink plenty of water, induce vomiting, with 2% to 5% sodium sulfate solution lavage, catharsis. Doctor.
Fire fighting methods: This product is non-combustible. Extinguishing Media: Water, sand.
Ammonium persulfate main purpose
Verification and determination of manganese, used as the oxidant. Bleach. Photographic reductant and blockers. Battery depolarizer. For the preparation of soluble starch.
Vinyl monomers as vinyl acetate, acrylate emulsion polymerization initiator, cheap, good water resistance of the resulting emulsion. Urea-formaldehyde resins are also used as a curing agent, curing fastest. Starch is also used as a co-oxidant adhesive, the starch component of the reaction and improve the adhesion protein, the reference amount of 0.2% to 0.4% starch. Copper is also used as a surface treatment agent.
Chemical Industry persulfate and hydrogen peroxide used in the manufacture of raw materials, to help organic polymer polyethylene polymerization agent, the initiator of polymerization of vinyl chloride monomer. Grease, soap industry as a bleaching agent. Also used in the oil industry and oil and other corrosive metal plate corrosion when cutting aspects. Food-grade wheat used modifier, brewer’s yeast mildew
Ammonium bicarbonate production methods
1 through the compressed carbon dioxide into the concentrated aqueous ammonia, carbon dioxide and placed under pressure, and cooled, precipitated crystals were separated by centrifugation, from dehydration. When purification was dissolved in water, ethanol was added, so that recrystallization.
(2) After carbonization absorbing ammonia water, carbonation with carbon dioxide, and then separated and dried to obtain ammonium bicarbonate. The chemical reaction equation:
NH3 + CO2 + H2O → NH4HCO3
3 from lime and washed purified CO2 gas, which leads to ammonia to make it saturated after separation by centrifugation, hot air drying derived products. [4]
4 Typical small nitrogenous fertilizer plant to produce ammonium bicarbonate anthracite as raw material, preparation of semi-water gas, which after removal of hydrogen sulfide into the pressurized shift reaction system, resulting nitrogen, hydrogen and carbon dioxide mixture into the carbonation tower, In this concentration of carbon dioxide and about 17% aqueous ammonia, ammonium bicarbonate crystals separated by a centrifuge to obtain ammonium bicarbonate products. Removal of carbon dioxide feed gas, after further removal of a small amount of residual carbon dioxide and carbon monoxide into the ammonia synthesis systems. Dried at room temperature, ammonium bicarbonate, a certain stability and good flowability. Some Chinese bicarbonate plant using air-drying method to product drying; adding more plants using crystallization modifiers way to make ammonium bicarbonate crystals grow relatively thick, solid liquid separation so as to improve the operating conditions, so from 5% moisture content of product ~ 5.5% decrease 3.5% to 2.5%, and reducing the loss of decomposition products of the agglomeration have a significant effect. [3]
Production of ammonium bicarbonate reaction is:
NH3 + H2O → NH3 * H2O + heat NH3 · H2O + CO2 → NH4HCO3 + heat.
The main purpose of tert-butanol
1, often in place of n-butanol as a solvent coatings and pharmaceuticals. Used as an internal combustion engine fuel additives (to prevent carburetor icing) and anti-knock agent. As the alkylating intermediate raw materials and the production of t-butyl synthetic organic compounds, to produce methyl methacrylate, t-butyl phenol, tert-butylamine, etc., for the synthesis of drugs, perfumes. Tert-butanol dehydration can be prepared from 99.0 to 99.9% purity isobutene. Detergent as solvent extraction of drugs, pesticides, waxes with a solvent, a cellulose ester, industrial plastics and paint solvents, but also for the manufacture of denatured alcohol, spices, fruit essence and isobutylene.
2, solvent and chromatographic analysis of molecular weight determination with reference substances. In addition, often in place of n-butanol as a solvent coatings and pharmaceuticals.
3, used as a solvent, chromatography standard material.
4, for spices synthesis.
5, is used as an internal combustion engine fuel additives (to prevent carburetor icing) and anti-knock agent. As the alkylating intermediate raw materials and the production of t-butyl synthetic organic compounds, to produce methyl methacrylate, t-butyl phenol, tert-butylamine, etc., for the synthesis of drugs, perfumes.
Pivaloyl chloride MSDS
Chinese alias: 2,2 – dimethyl-propionyl chloride; trimethylammonium chloride; tert-amyl chloride; trimethyl acetyl chloride
Name: Pivaloyl chloride
English Name: 2,2-Dimethylpropanoyl chloride; Trimethylacetyl chloride
CAS No.: 3282-30-2
Formula: C5H9ClO
Linear Formula: (CH3) 3CCOCl
Molecular Weight: 120.58
Purity: ≥ 98.0%
No. MDL: MFCD00000709
Beilstein No.: 385668
EC Number: 221-921-6
2 Characters
Colorless oily liquid, soluble in common organic solvents, water and alkali decomposition, flammable
Three physical parameters
Density: 0.979g/mL (25 ℃)
Boiling point :105-106 ℃
Flash point: 19 ℃
Refractive index (n20 / D): 1.412 (lit.)
4 Hazard statement
Dangerous code: F, T +
Hazard Class :11 -14-22-26-34
Security Level :16-26-36 / 37/39-45
UN number: UN2438
Domestic hazardous chemicals No.: 81117
5 Safety Data
Hazard Symbols F; T Description
Risk Codes R11; R22; R23; R34 Description
Safety Description S16; S26; S28A; S36/37/39; S38; S45 Description
Transport Information UN 2438
6 Purpose
Pivaloyl chloride is a very important acylating agent, mainly used as pharmaceutical intermediates, as the main raw material for the preparation of amides and many drugs in lipid phenol; currently used hydroxylamine hydroxylamine benzyl benzyl penicillin and cephalosporins, cefazolin production oxazoline, double pivaloyl adrenaline and other drugs. It is also a lot to do with the production of pesticide intermediates, such Chloropivaloyl chloride.
Chemical synthesis for the protection of the amino group, while increasing the steric effect, the location of a particular product is easily obtained.
Potassium salt of 1-Hydroxy Ethylidene-1,1-Diphosphonic Acid (HEDP.Kx) MSDS
First, Properties and Uses
HEDP · Kx is HEDP of potassium, HEDP · Kx and HEDP salt compared with the higher solubility at neutral conditions are excellent calcium carbonate scale inhibitors, HEDP · Kx mainly used for metal corrosion, pool pollution, metal cleaning, vessel cleaning, iron fouling control, metal pretreatment, low pressure boiler water, circulating water.
Second, the technical indicators
| Item | Index |
| Exterior | Colorless to pale yellow transparent liquid |
| Active component (HEDP),% | 26.0-30.0 |
| Total phosphorus content (PO 4 3 - meter),% | 24.7-26.7 |
| Fe (to Fe2 +) content mg / L ≤ | 20.0 |
| Density (20 ℃) g / cm 3 | 1.30-1.40 |
| PH (1% solution) | 6.0-8.0 |
Third, packaging and storage
HEDP · Kx plastic barrel, 30kg or 250kg, can be determined according to user needs. HEDP · Kx stored in a cool room, storage for ten months.
Fourth, security
HEDP · Kx is neutral, pay attention to the operation of labor protection, should avoid contact with skin and eyes, flush with water after contact.
Potassium salt of Amino Trimethylene Phosphonic Acid (ATMPK) MSDS
Aminotrimethylene potassium phosphonate is part of the potash solution ATMP, relative to the same amount of sodium, ATMP · Kx has a higher solubility in water can prevent the formation of scale into the dirt salts, especially calcium carbonate scale formation.
Chinese name: aminotrimethylene potassium phosphonate
Chinese alias: aminotrimethylene potassium phosphonate; times aminotrimethylene three acid potassium salt; aminotrimethylene potassium phosphonate ATMPKX; ATMPoKx
English name: Amino Trimethylene Phosphonic Acid, Potassium salt
English Name: [nitrilotris (methylene)] trisphosphonic acid, potassium salt; [1] Phosphonic acid, nitrilotris (methylene) tris-, potassium salt;
CAS :27794-93-0
EINECS :248-660-0
Formula: C3H6K6NO9P3
MW: 527.5921
Properties and Uses
ATMP · Kx is a partial solution of the potassium salt of ATMP, with respect to the same amount of sodium, ATMP · Kx has a higher solubility in water to prevent the formation of scale scaling salts, especially calcium carbonate scale formation. ATMP · Kx is especially suitable for oil field injection water systems.
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Project
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Index
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Exterior
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Colorless to pale yellow transparent liquid
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Active component (ATMP dollars)%
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35.0-40.0
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pH (1% solution)
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2.0-2.5
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Total phosphorus (as PO4)%
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34.8-36.8
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Fe (with Fe) content ppm ≤
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35
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Density (20 ℃) g / cm
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1.25-1.35
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Applications and use
ATMP · Kx and other organic acid, polylactic acid or salt to form organic alkaline water treatment agent, for circulating cooling water systems under a variety of different water quality conditions.
Security
ATMP · Kx is slightly acidic, avoid skin contact with the eyes, once contacted, rinse immediately with plenty of water.