Product Name: Diacerein English name: Diacerein
Molecular formula: C19H12O8 Molecular Weight: 368.29
CAS Number :13739 -02-1
Chemical name: 4,5 – diacetoxy-9 ,10 – dioxo -9,10 – dioxo– anthracene carboxylic acid
Description: orange-yellow long needles (acetone crystallized orange, yellow crystalline methanol).
Pharmacological effects
This product is an important osteoarthritis IL-1 inhibitors. After cell experiments and animal experiments confirmed: it can induce cartilage formation, has analgesic, anti-inflammatory and antipyretic effects; does not inhibit prostaglandin synthesis; osteoarthritis can delay disease progression role. Toxicology: mice and rats the maximum tolerated dose of a single person with more than 190 and 410 times the dose, the maximum tolerated dose over a dog person (dose calculation according to body surface area) with a dose 600 times subacute, chronic and fetal toxicity testing, fertility testing, perinatal and postnatal toxicity test, carcinogenic and teratogenic tests show that the drug has a good safety profile.
Drug interactions
Laxatives and the drug should not be taken together. Taking to improve intestinal transit and (or) when the nature of the drug intestinal contents, forbidden to take the drug. To improve the bioavailability of diacerein should be avoided while taking containing aluminum hydroxide and (or) magnesium hydroxide drugs. After taking diacerein increased use of antibiotics and (or) the likelihood of a patient suffering from chemotherapy enterocolitis, as antibiotics and chemotherapy affect intestinal flora.
Adverse reactions
Mild diarrhea is the application of the drug treatment of the most common side effects (incidence rate of about 7%), usually in the first few days after treatment, the appearance will automatically disappear with continued treatment in most cases. Epigastric pain 3-5% incidence of nausea or vomiting less than 1%. Taking the drug occasionally cause urine color yellow, which is a characteristic of the goods, without any clinical significance.
Taboos
This product can not be used in patients with known allergy or diacerein have allergies anthraquinone derivatives. Patients there had intestinal discomfort (especially irritable colon), we must consider the relative risks and benefits of using the drug.
Product specifications 50mg
Dosage
Long-term treatment (less than 3 months): 1-2 times a day, every one, after meals. Since taking the first two weeks of the drug may cause mild diarrhea, it is recommended that in the first four weeks of treatment a day after dinner orally. After the adaptation of the drug in patients, the dose should be increased to two times a day, after meals orally. Doctors should be determined based on the efficacy of treatment, but treatment should not be less than three months. In clinical trials, patients have been taking this product for 2 years in a row without any security issues. If the treatment requires long-term treatment in combination with other drugs, should be carried out every six months full time, including blood and urine tests, including liver enzymes. Due to the slow onset of the goods (2-4 weeks after treatment markedly) and good gastrointestinal tolerability, suggestions can be combined with other analgesics and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs administered during the first 2-4 weeks Application.
【Storage】
Closed ,15-25 ℃ preservation.
[Note]
1 Plenary affect renal function does not Diacerein pharmacokinetics, it is recommended in this case (creatinine clearance <30 mL / min) to reduce the dose. Diacerein after meals can increase its absorption rate (about 24%); on the other hand, severe malnutrition would reduce the bioavailability of diacerein. Side reactions (e.g., acceleration of intestinal transit) and the amount of the direct incidence of unabsorbed on diacerein, food intake in fasted or less when using this service will increase the incidence of side effects.
2 Although animal experiments did not show that the goods have any reproductive or fetal toxicity, but the drug should not be taken during pregnancy. Meanwhile, lactating women should not take this drug, because there was a small amount of diacerein report into breast milk due to derivatives.
3 is not available for children under 15 years of age, because this age group has not conducted any clinical trials.
4 More than 70 years of age and with severe renal insufficiency (creatinine clearance 10-30 mL / min) in elderly patients required dose in half.
Monthly Archives: June 2014
Beta-glucan introduction
White or light yellow powder
【Melting point】: 229 ~ 233 ℃
There are special scent-soluble: about 50% of solubility with precipitation.
[Species]: oat glucan, yeast glucan, Ganoderma dextran, dextran mushrooms, Agaricus glucan, mushroom glucan, maitake dextran, dextran versicolor, monkey Head mushroom glucans.
[Active ingredient]: Beta 1,3-1,6 Glucan
Quality standards: [Source]: Beta-glucan present in a variety of crops organisms yeast, fungus, mushrooms, cereals, etc.. Yeast Beta-glucan is mainly present in the yeast cell wall, yeast bread yeast, brewer’s yeast and so on.
Beta-glucan, Beta Glucans
[Medicinal]: extracted from natural yeast Beta-1, 3D glucan ingredient has great enhanced immunity effect. This glucan activated cells will stimulate non-specific host defense mechanisms, so the application in cancer, infectious disease and trauma treatment by the attention. Special steps to extract and endotoxin-free β-1, 3 – glucan in the U.S. FDA has determined is a safe substance, can be added in the general food, many reports indicate that mice oral yeast β-1, 3 – Portugal glycans strong increase phagocytosis of peritoneal cells of antimicrobial. Furthermore, there are clear dextran radical, radiation, dissolving cholesterol and preventing hyperlipidemia in viral infections caused by resistant, fungi, bacteria and the like. Currently yeast glucan has achieved industrialization, such as Angel Yeast glucan.
BCAA function
Branched chain amino acids as a nitrogen carrier, other auxiliary muscles required for the synthesis of amino acid synthesis, it simply, it is a simple amino acid synthesis process complex whole muscular tissue. Thus, branched-chain amino acids to stimulate insulin production, the main role is to allow the insulin to be absorbed blood glucose in muscle and as an energy source. Insulin also promotes the generation of muscle uptake of amino acids. Both the synthesis of branched chain amino acids, but also anti-catabolic effect, because they can significantly increase protein synthesis, promoting the release of related hormones such as growth hormone (GH), IGF-1 (insulin-like growth factor-1) and insulin and help testosterone in maintaining a reasonable / cortisol ratio.
Branched-chain amino acid also has a very good resistance to decomposition, because they help prevent the loss of muscle protein breakdown and, for those which are in the stage before the diet is very important. In this calorie intake is relatively low, it is strongly recommended to use branched-chain amino acids, proteins together because this time because of the decline in the rate of protein breakdown increases, the same as when you eat protein is digested and absorbed, hydrolyzed protein is broken down into simple soluble substances such as peptides and amino acids, or risk losing muscle.
Sodium Persulphate Handling
Handling Precautions: closed operation, enhance ventilation. The operator must go through specialized training, strict adherence to rules. Proposed operators wear headgear electric powered air purifying respirators and dust, Polyethylene wear protective clothing, wear rubber gloves. Away from fire, heat, workplace smoking. Avoid generating dust. Avoid contact with a reducing agent, active metal powder, alkalis, alcohols. Handling of light when light unloading, packaging and containers to prevent damage. Prohibit vibration, shock and friction. Corresponding with the variety and quantity of fire equipment and emergency equipment leakage. Empty containers may be harmful residues.
Storage: Store in a cool, dry, well-ventilated warehouse. Keep away from fire and heat. Storage temperature does not exceed 30 ℃, relative humidity less than 80%. Packing seal. Should be stored separately and reducing agents, reactive metal powders, bases, alcohols, etc., avoid mixing reservoir. Storage areas should be equipped with suitable material spill.
Occupational Exposure Limits
Chinese MAC (mg/m3): not established
The former Soviet Union MAC (mg/m3): not established
TLVTN: ACGIH 5mg [S2O8] / m3
TLVWN: not established
Monitoring Methods:
Engineering Controls
Closed production process to enhance ventilation. Provide safety shower and eyewash equipment.
Respiratory protection: its possible exposure to dust, they should wear headgear electric powered air-purifying respirators and dust. High concentrations of environment, it is recommended to wear self-contained breathing apparatus.
Eye protection: Respiratory Protection has been protective.
Physical protection: Polyethylene wear protective clothing.
Hand Protection: Wear rubber gloves.
Other protection: work site prohibit smoking, eating and drinking. After work, take a shower. Maintain good health habits.
Waste nature
Waste Disposal Method: In accordance with national and local regulations for disposal. Or contact the vendor or manufacturer to determine the disposal method.
Waste Note:
Packing method
Two-story brown paper bags or plastic bags full opening or openings in the outer steel drum; bags or kraft paper bag outside the ordinary wooden floor; threaded glass Lid pressure bottles, plastic bottles or metal (cans) outside the ordinary wooden box.
Transportation Precautions
Dangerous Goods Code: 51504
UN Number: 1505
Packing mark:
Package Type: O53
Railway transport should be strictly in accordance with the Ministry of Railways’ Dangerous Goods Code “in the dangerous goods equipped with tables equipped. When transporting shipped separately, during transport to ensure that the container does not leak, did not fall, do not fall, no damage. Transport vehicles should be equipped with the appropriate variety and quantity of fire equipment during transport. Is strictly prohibited and acids, flammable, organic matter, reducing agents, spontaneous combustion, and other flammable when wet and mixed transport vehicles. Transport speed not too fast, not forced to overtake. After unloading transport vehicles should be thoroughly cleaned, washed, mixed with non-organic compounds, flammable and other impurities.
Sodium Metabisulphite role
Use one
Used as a bleaching agent, mordant, reductant, rubber coagulant, also used in organic synthesis, pharmaceutical and spices.
Uses two
Chromatography analysis reagents, preservatives and reducing agents, dyes and pharmaceutical industries for
Uses three
Shakespeare sulfate sodium metabisulfite more intense reduction, similar to the role and sodium sulfite. China provides for preserves, biscuits, sugar, sugar, caramel, candy, glucose, liquid glucose, bamboo shoots, mushrooms and canned mushrooms, maximum use of 0.45g/kg. Candied fruit, bamboo shoots, mushrooms and canned mushrooms, residue and blackcurrant juice grapes (in SO2 dollars) less than 0.05g/kg; residues of biscuits, sugar, noodles and other varieties of less than 0.1g/kg; liquid glucose residues amount of not more than 0.2g/kg.
Uses four
Four food industry as a bleaching agent, preservative, osteoporosis agents, anti-oxidants, color agents and preservatives.
Use five
Pharmaceutical industry for the production of chloroform, benzene and formaldehyde solasulfone. Rubber industry as a coagulant. Bleached cotton dyeing industry as dechlorination agent, cotton scouring additives. Treatment for leather tanning industry, make the leather soft, plump, tough, waterproof, bending, wear-resistant properties. Chemical industry for the production of hydroxy vanillin, hydroxylamine hydrochloride. Photographic industry as a developer and so on.
Uses six
Analysis. Preservative. Reductant. Antioxidants
Sodium bisulfate (Sodium bisulphate) Chemical Properties
A salt properties: acid salt of a strong acid
2 pH: acidic aqueous solution. Strong electrolyte, fully ionized, generating strong acid solution: NaHSO4 = Na + + H + + SO42-
Note: not fully ionized hydrogen sulfate, is in strong acid. (High school textbooks as the fully ionized hydrogen sulfate)
It can be reacted with a base. NaHSO4 + NaOH == Na2SO4 + H2O
3 metathesis reactions can occur with weak acid: NaHSO4 + NaHSO3 == Na2SO4 + SO2 ↑ + H2O
NaHSO4 + NaHCO3 == Na2SO4 + CO2 ↑ + H2O
Ionic equation: H + + SO42-+ HSO3-== SO2 ↑ + H2O + SO42-
H + + SO42-+ HCO3-== CO2 ↑ + H2O + SO42-
4, and BaCl2, Ba (OH) 2 reaction: NaHSO4 + BaCl2 == NaCl + HCl + BaSO4 ↓
NaHSO4 + Ba (OH) 2 == NaOH + H2O + BaSO4 ↓
Involving ionic equation: SO42-+ Ba2 + == BaSO4 ↓
H + + SO42-+ Ba2 + + OH-== BaSO4 ↓ + H2O
If the Ba (OH) 2 small, then the equation is expressed as: 2H + + SO4 2 – + Ba2 + +2 OH-== BaSO4 ↓ +2 H2O
Selenium dioxide Use
Selenium dioxide is mainly used in the electrolytic manganese industry, every ton of electrolytic manganese about 1 kg of selenium dioxide (each process is slightly different), industry accounts for about 80% of manganese dioxide selenium dosage. Second, for the production of sodium selenite on the feed industry, now in the agro-industrial raw materials as a foliar fertilizer selenium selenium crops. Others can also be used: analysis, precipitated zirconium, hafnium. Verification alkaloids. Oxidants. Manufacture of other high purity selenium and selenium compounds. Catalyst.
1, high purity selenium and selenium compounds for the other system, or oxidant and catalyst of organic synthetic drugs
2, is used as the base of a special reagent plants, but also for the precipitation of zirconium, hafnium and preparation of selenium compounds
3, the organic compound used as the oxidizing agent, catalyst, chemical reagent, a compound material made of various inorganic selenium. Also copiers, rectifiers used.
4, manufacture of other selenium compounds, alkaloids test, an oxidizing agent. With ammonia reaction of nitrogen and selenium in alcohol solution generated selenite ethyl ammonium [NH ₄ (C ₂ H5) SeO ₃], with hydrazine generates nitrogen and black amorphous selenium, generated with hydroxylamine hydrochloride nitrogen and red-brown amorphous selenium, generate selenite and nitric acid.
Potassium Persulphate protective measures
Skin contact: Remove contaminated clothing, rinse with plenty of water.
Eye contact: Did eyelid, mobile water or saline. Doctor.
Inhalation: rapidly from the scene to fresh air. Keep the airway patency. If breathing is difficult, give oxygen. If not breathing, give artificial respiration immediately. Doctor.
Ingestion: drink plenty of water, induce vomiting. Doctor.
Fire-fighting measures
Hazardous characteristics: inorganic oxidizer. With organic matter, reducing agents, combustibles such as combustion caused a risk of explosion in contact or mixed sulfur, phosphorus and other. The rapid heating when the explosion occurred.
Hazardous combustion products: sulfur dioxide, oxygen.
Fire fighting methods: the use of water mist, foam, sand fire.
Leak: isolation leakage polluted area, restricting access. Recommended emergency personnel wearing self-contained breathing apparatus, wearing overalls general operations. Do not direct contact with leakage. Rendering leakage contact with reducing agents, organic compounds, flammable.
Small leak: Sprinkle on the ground soda ash, collected in a dry, clean, covered container. Also be plenty of water, wash water diluted into the wastewater system.
A large leak: recycling or collection shipped to the waste disposal sites.
Flammability: Noncombustible
Extinguishing Media: Water spray, foam, sand.
Emergency treatment
Inhalation: rapidly from the scene to fresh air. Keep the airway patency. If breathing is difficult, give oxygen. If not breathing, give artificial respiration immediately. Doctor.
Ingestion: drink plenty of water, induce vomiting. Doctor.
Skin contact: Remove contaminated clothing, rinse with plenty of water.
Eye contact: Did eyelid, mobile water or saline. Doctor.
Accidental Release
Emergency treatment: isolation leak contaminated areas, restricting access. Recommended emergency personnel wearing a dust mask (full cover), wear protective clothing. Do not direct contact with leakage. Rendering leakage in contact with organic matter, reducing agents, flammable. A small leak: Sprinkle on the ground soda ash, collected in a dry, clean, covered containers. You can also rinse with plenty of water, wash water diluted into the wastewater system. Large Leak: recycling or collection shipped to the waste disposal sites.
Exposure controls
Occupational Exposure Limits
Chinese MAC (mg/m3): not established
The former Soviet Union MAC (mg/m3): not established
TLVTN: ACGIH 5mg [S2O4] / m3
TLVWN: not established
Monitoring Methods:
Engineering controls: closed production process to enhance ventilation. Provide safety shower and eyewash equipment.
Respiratory protection: its possible exposure to dust, they should wear headgear electric powered air-purifying respirators and dust. High concentrations of environment, it is recommended to wear self-contained breathing apparatus.
Eye protection: Respiratory Protection has been protective.
Physical protection: Polyethylene wear protective clothing.
Hand Protection: Wear rubber gloves.
Other protection: work site prohibit smoking, eating and drinking. After work, take a shower. Maintain good health habits.
Potassium monopersulfate Typical applications
Application Instructions industry
Pharmaceutical / chemical synthesis is the preparation of a ketone peroxide (Dioxirasnes) catalysts such as basic materials DMD, TFD, the ketone peroxide for its mild reaction conditions, high oxidation activity, selectivity and excellent response and natural asymmetry opened The new route of drug synthesis. Asymmetric design of the olefin reaction catalyst in situ oxidation of chiral amines can be chiral imine salt polymerization initiator, vinyl acetate, ethyl acrylate, and the polymerization reaction of acrylonitrile; polymerization of a vinyl monomer; adhesive, reconcile agent
Printed circuit boards PCB / copper metal surface treatment surface cleaners, micro etchant, blackened aid
Sterilization / disinfection of animal breeding animal environment, aquaculture water can kill bacteria and viruses almost all of zoonotic diseases, for foot and mouth disease, avian influenza, SARS and other excellent role in the killing
Pool / SPA pool water disinfection and water shock treatment (SHOCKS), quickly remove urea and other organic matter, water purification, improve ORP
Wool apparel industry quality wool shrink agent
Oil, petrochemical, metal plating companies wastewater treatment, waste gas treatment flocculant, cleaning agents, oil, petrochemical, building materials and industrial wastewater treatment containing polymers, sulfur recovery, reservoir fracturing additives
Cosmetics, chemicals bleaching formulations, denture cleaners, toilet bowl cleaners, hair dyes
Deinking pulp bleaching and paper industry, oxidized starch manufacturing
phosphoric acid applications
Agriculture: phosphoric acid is an important fertilizer (superphosphate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, etc.) of raw materials, but also the raw material feed nutrients (calcium dihydrogen phosphate) is.
Industrial: Phosphoric acid is an important chemical raw material, the main role is as follows:
Treating the metal surface, the metal film formed on the surface of insoluble phosphate to protect the metal from corrosion.
A mixture of nitric acid and chemical polishing agent to improve the surface finish of the metal.
Production of detergents, pesticides, raw phosphate.
Production of phosphorus-containing flame retardant materials.
Food: Phosphoric acid is one of food additives in food as sour agents, yeast nutrients, in respect of Coca-Cola contains phosphoric acid. Phosphate is also important food additives, enhancers can be used as nutrients.
Medicine: phosphate phosphorus can be used for making drugs, such as glycerol phosphate.